KML قالب Google Earth برای بصریسازی دادههای جغرافیایی روی یک کرهٔ مجازی است. مناسب برای ارائهها، پروژههای آموزشی و ارتباطات با مشتری.
ویژگیهای کلیدی

دربارهٔ قالب KML
KML is a language for describing geographic data, invented for Google Earth and later adopted as an OGC standard. The file is text: inside are placemarks, lines, outlines, their styles and labels. It opens with a double click in Google Earth and attaches in Google My Maps, QGIS and ArcGIS.
OpenStreetMap maps are exported to KML when the result has to be shown to another person: a client, colleagues, students. The features land on the globe, a click shows their properties, and the file itself can be sent by email — the recipient needs no GIS, Google Earth is enough.
In the file all the layers are laid out in folders named after the layers, each feature keeps its OSM tags in the ExtendedData block, and lines and fills get a color and a width. Coordinates are WGS84, as the specification requires. Roads, water and greenery lie on the ground surface, while buildings are extruded into volume: height is taken from the height tag, or computed from the floor count in building:levels at 3.5 meters per floor, and if neither is present the house gets six meters.
In Google Earth such an export looks like a three-dimensional city right away. If you do not need the volume, switch the buildings layer off in the tree on the left. For sending by email KMZ is handier — the same document in compressed form.
چه برنامهای فایلهای KML را باز میکند
برنامهها و نرمافزارهای زیر میتوانند فایلهای KML (Keyhole Markup Language) (.kml) صادرشده از OSM2CDR را باز و ویرایش کنند و با آنها کار کنند:
Format specifications
- Open standard
- 3D coordinates supported
- Lossless (no quality loss)
- Stores feature attributes
- Output: 1 file
- KML 2.2 (OGC). Direct import in Google Earth, Google Maps, ArcGIS, QGIS. Altitude mode: clampToGround.
چه کسانی از نقشههای KML استفاده میکنند
چگونه KML را خروجی بگیریم
نحوه باز کردن پس از خروجی
- Google Earth Pro (free) — File → Open, pick the .kml; on the left the layers will show as folders that can be switched on and off.
- Google My Maps — create a map, choose Import and upload the file: you get a web map with a link to share.
- QGIS (free) — Layer → Add Vector Layer; KML is read by the driver that ships with GDAL, and from there the data converts to a shapefile or GeoPackage.
- ArcGIS Pro — the KML To Layer tool turns the file into a geodata layer.
- Checking the volume — tilt the view in Google Earth: the buildings will appear as solid boxes above the surface.
نقشههای محبوب در KML
خروجی نقشهٔ KML (Keyhole Markup Language) را دریافت کنید
نقشههای حرفهای KML را از OpenStreetMap دانلود کنید. تولید آنی برای هر ناحیه.
پرسشهای متداول
مقایسه با قالبهای دیگر
قالبهای مرتبط
قالبهایی که اغلب همراه با هم خروجی گرفته میشوند
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