GeoJSON
Open BetaGeoJSON قالبی باز برای دادههای جغرافیایی است که بر پایهٔ JSON بنا شده. راهحل استاندارد برای توسعهدهندگان وب، سازگار با Leaflet، Mapbox، OpenLayers، D3.js و هر نرمافزار GIS.
ویژگیهای کلیدی
دربارهٔ قالب GeoJSON
GeoJSON is an open geodata format (RFC 7946) in which geography is written as ordinary JSON: an array of features, each with a geometry and a set of properties. A human can read it in a text editor, any programming language parses it in one line, and practically all web cartography understands it — Leaflet, Mapbox GL, OpenLayers, D3.js — with no plugins or converters.
An OSM map is exported to GeoJSON when you need the features themselves rather than a picture: to attach a layer to a website, compute statistics for a district, filter the categories you need, load the data into PostGIS or run it through GeoPandas. It is also the most convenient intermediate format: from it, ogr2ogr or QGIS will make SHP, GeoPackage, KML — anything you like.
The output is a single UTF-8 file: one FeatureCollection gathering all the layers of the selected area. Every feature keeps its OpenStreetMap attributes (name, type, tags) and a service property _layer with the name of its source layer — one line of filtering takes the data apart again into roads, buildings, water, greenery and points of interest. Coordinates are WGS84 (EPSG:4326), as the specification requires; the recorded precision is six decimal places, about ten centimeters on the ground: the file drops into any GIS and any web framework with no reprojection.
چه برنامهای فایلهای GeoJSON را باز میکند
برنامهها و نرمافزارهای زیر میتوانند فایلهای GeoJSON (.geojson) صادرشده از OSM2CDR را باز و ویرایش کنند و با آنها کار کنند:
Format specifications
- Open standard
- 3D coordinates supported
- Lossless (no quality loss)
- Stores feature attributes
- Output: 1 file
- RFC 7946 GeoJSON. Single UTF-8 file. WGS84 (EPSG:4326). Coordinate precision: float64. Direct import in QGIS, Mapbox, Leaflet, PostGIS.
چه کسانی از نقشههای GeoJSON استفاده میکنند
چگونه GeoJSON را خروجی بگیریم
نحوه باز کردن پس از خروجی
- geojson.io — drag the file into a browser window and see the features on the map right away, clicking to inspect properties. Good for a quick check; large files are better not uploaded there.
- QGIS (free) — Layer → Add Vector Layer, choose the .geojson. After that: filter on the _layer field, styling, export to SHP or GeoPackage.
- Leaflet / Mapbox GL JS / OpenLayers — put the file next to your project and hook it up: in Leaflet that is L.geoJSON(data).addTo(map), in Mapbox GL a source of type geojson.
- Python and data analysis — geopandas.read_file("map.geojson") and then the pandas toolkit: slices by feature type, areas, density, joins with your own tables.
- PostGIS and databases — ogr2ogr -f PostgreSQL PG:"..." map.geojson loads everything in one command; by hand, the geometry is read with ST_GeomFromGeoJSON.
نقشههای محبوب در GeoJSON
خروجی نقشهٔ GeoJSON را دریافت کنید
نقشههای حرفهای GeoJSON را از OpenStreetMap دانلود کنید. تولید آنی برای هر ناحیه.
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