GeoArrow 是一种基于 Apache Arrow 的列式地理空间数据格式。非常适合大数据分析、机器学习流水线和可视化。可与 DuckDB、Pandas、Polars 及其他兼容 Arrow 的工具配合使用。
主要特点

关于 GeoArrow 格式
Apache Arrow is the standard for representing tables in memory: columns lie contiguously, the schema is described explicitly, and different programs read the very same bytes without copying or re-encoding. GeoArrow is the agreement on how to store geometry inside that structure so that GeoPandas, DuckDB, Polars, deck.gl and GDAL understand it.
The format is taken when data is not displayed but computed: spatial joins over millions of features, feature preparation for a model, a dashboard on top of a columnar engine. At those volumes, parsing text GeoJSON eats more time than the analysis itself.
The output is a single .arrow file (Apache Arrow IPC, also known as Feather v2). All the layers are merged into one table, and every row has a layer column with the name of its source layer. Geometry is stored as a binary column in WKB format, and the WGS84 (EPSG:4326) coordinate system is described in the schema metadata per the GeoArrow 1.0.0 convention.
By default the file is compressed with the zstd codec; you can choose lz4 or no compression at all. There is a safety limit of 10 million features per export, so as not to eat up the server's memory.
打开 GeoArrow 文件的程序
以下程序可以打开、编辑和处理从 OSM2CDR 导出的 GeoArrow (Apache Arrow)(.arrow)文件:
格式规格
- 开放标准
- 支持 3D 坐标
- 无损(无质量损失)
- 存储要素属性
- 输出:1 个文件
- GeoArrow .arrow (Apache Arrow extension). In-memory columnar geometry, zero-copy interop with pandas, R, Julia.
谁在使用 GeoArrow 地图
如何导出 GeoArrow
导出后如何打开
- Python — pyarrow.ipc.open_file("map.arrow").read_all() gives you the table; the geometry is restored from the WKB column with shapely.from_wkb or geopandas.
- DuckDB — INSTALL spatial; LOAD spatial; then SELECT * FROM 'map.arrow' and ST_GeomFromWKB on the geometry column.
- Polars and pandas — pl.read_ipc("map.arrow") or reading through pyarrow: the attribute part works like an ordinary table, with no geo wrapping.
- R and Julia — the arrow packages read the same file: it is one format across all languages, no conversion needed.
- Visualization and GIS — lonboard and deck.gl draw Arrow tables directly; for QGIS it is easier to convert to GeoPackage with ogr2ogr (GDAL 3.8 and newer).
GeoArrow 格式的热门地图
导出 GeoArrow (Apache Arrow) 地图
从 OpenStreetMap 下载专业的 GeoArrow 地图。即时生成,任意区域。
常见问题
相关格式
经常一起导出
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